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| Mohiniyattam |
There
is no precise historical evidence to establish
the antiquity of Mohiniyatttam, the classical
female dance-tradition of Kerala. Probably
it was evolved in the seventeenth century.
In the court of King Swathi Thirunal who ruled
Travancore (South Kerala) in the 18th century,
Mohiniyattam flourished along with Bharatanatyam,
the classical dance of Tamil Nadu. The post-Swathy
period witnessed the downfall of Mohiniyattam.
'The dance of the enchantress' slipped into eroticism
to satisfy the epicurean-life of some provincial
satraps and feudal Lords. Poet Vallathol
rescued Mohiniyattam from total extinction.
It was added to the curriculum of Kalamandalam
in 1930. |
The
make-up and dressing of Mohiniyattam is simple
and semi-realistic. The dancer's face is
made up of yellow and pink-paste. She wears
sandal coloured jacket and sari. Jasmin
flowers adorn her tied up hair. She decorates
her eyes with Kajal and the lips are reddened.
The theme of Mohiniyattam is devotion to love
of God. Vishnu or Krishna is more
often the hero. |
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| We
feel his invisible presence when the heroine or
her friend (sakhi) describes him through hand-gestures,
delicate and circular body-movements |
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| Thullal |
| Thullal
is the successor of Kathakali. Kunchan Nambiar
who lived two centuries ago wrote the text of Thullal and
choreographed it for the stage. |
All the sixty plays of Thullal composed
by Kunchan Nambiar are replete with
humour, sarcasm and social criticism.
Thullal has three divisions - Seethankan,
Ottan and Parayan. The
distinction between them lies mostly
in the make-up and costums and to some
extent in the metres and the rhythm
used.Thullal often reflects the literary,
artistic and cultural life of the medieval
Kerala. In Thullal, episodes from
the Indian Epics are retold in simple
Malayalam poetry. The stylized
singing of the lines carries with it
the beauty of the Dravidian metres.
Thullal is a solo performance. As a
semi-stylized dance-theatre, Thullal
is a more popular entertainment than
other temple arts. The performer
establishes easy rapport with the audience
through verbal acting which is full
of humour and social references.
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